ACTION: Effectively called by Justinian

[nusaibatara]

LOCATION: Constantinople
YEAR: A.D. 553
POPE: Vigilius, 537 - 555
EMPEROR: Justinian I, 527 - 565
I and eventually ratified by Pope Vigilius, Constantinople II condemned a collection of buy phone number list statements known as the "Three Chapters": 1) the person and the writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Master of Nestorius, originator of that heresy; 2) the writings of Theodoret of Cyrrhus; 3) the writings of Ibas of Edessa. The last two friends of Nestorius had been restored to their sees by Chalcedon when they no longer opposed the teachings of St. Cyril of Alexandria (d. 444) and of Ephesus. Chalcedon was not discredited here (as the MonophyLOCATIONs had hoped) since it had been concerned with men. Constantinople II was concerned with their writings, although a hundred years after they had died.

NOTE: Two important local councils condemning heresies: Carthage (416) solemnly approved by Pope Innocent II, (401 - 417), and then in 418 by Pope Zosimus (417 - 418), condemned Pelagianism (Pelagius, a British Monk), which heresy denied original sin calling it only "bad example." Orange (429) France, solemnly approved by Pope Boniface II (530 - 532), condemned Semi-Pelagianism (an over-reaction to St. Augustine on grace), which claimed man needed grace only after his first supernatural act. St. Augustine made it clear that God's grace is first.

NOTE: Council referred much to St. Cyril, Bishop of Alexandria, Doctor of the Church (d. 444).

HERETIC: THEODORE OF MOPSUESTIA ("3 Chapters").