Structure of a scientific article

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A scientific article consists of the following main parts: title of the article (heading), abstract, keywords, introduction, main part, conclusion (findings, analysis, generalization, criticism), list of references.

Let's consider the features of each of them.

Headline

The title of the article should perform two tasks: reflect the content of the article and attract the interest of readers. Just like the text of the article itself, the title is written in a scientific style and reflects its content as correctly as possible.

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It is advisable to include several keywords in the title that relate to the essence of the question. When publishing such an article on the Internet or in an electronic library catalog, a title using keywords increases the chances that your articles will be found by those interested in this issue. The length of the article title should not exceed 10-12 words.

Examples of successful titles that clearly convey the essence of a scientific article:

"Mathematical modeling of separated flows based on non-stationary Navier-Stokes equations"
"Study of losses during propagation of a cellular radio signal based on statistical models"
"Scientific activity as a necessary condition for the productivity of the development of an individual style of a university teacher"

Errors in composing the title:

1. The title of the article is too general and covers a much wider range of issues than the text of the article itself. The title should be as specific as possible. For example: "The Work of a Teacher" ; "Coaching" are examples of bad titles.
"Coaching as a Tool for Effective Training and Development of Personnel" ; "From Experience of Working with Younger Preschool Children" are examples of good titles.

2. The title does not reflect the essence of the issue under consideration and misleads the reader.

3. Sensational headline. Such headlines are good in advertising and news texts, but they are not suitable for a scientific article. Example: "Environmental pollution - how we pay for it" is a bad headline.
"Methodology for calculating the fee for environmental damage caused by anthropogenic impact" is a good one.

If the issue under consideration is not new and has been raised more than once in scientific works, but you are making your contribution to the development of the topic or are considering only some afghanistan telemarketing data aspects of the problem, then you can start the title with the words: “On the issue of ...”, “On the problem of ...”, “On the analysis of ...”.

Annotation

The title is followed by an abstract — a concise description of the article. An abstract is not required, but is desirable. The abstract should be brief, but informative. The recommended size of the abstract is no more than 500 characters, i.e. 4-5 sentences. The abstract provides information about the author/authors of the article, briefly covers the scientific problem, goals and main author's conclusions in abbreviated form. The abstract also reflects the scientific novelty of the article.

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The abstract should not contain borrowings (quotes), well-known facts, details. It should be written in simple, understandable language, in short sentences, in an impersonal form (considered, disclosed, measured, established, etc.).

The abstract serves two main purposes:

it helps the reader navigate the huge volume of information, where not everything is of interest to him; based on the annotation, the potential reader decides whether to read the article itself;
is used to search for information in automated search engines.