Question three: “What to say?”

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Be sure to check in advance how much time is given for each presentation. The "10+5" rule often applies: ten minutes for the presentation, five minutes for questions and answers. It may be a little more or a little less.

Think of these 10 minutes as a strict limitation. Less is more. Value your audience's time and attention. No one likes boring speakers who endlessly talk about the same thing. For you, your topic is the best and most interesting. For others, it is one of many reports. For example, there are 12 people speaking in your section. If everyone speaks for just 5 minutes, that's already an hour! Compare TED and the State Duma . Who do you want to be like?

Never, never, never start speaking without a clear plan! “Oh, I’ll go out and tell you something” is a big mistake. Even if you’re an extrovert and not shy in front of an audience – it doesn’t matter. You’ll get carried away by some insignificant detail – and you won’t have time to tell the main thing. And if you’re an introvert, then even more so. The plan is your thread that will lead you from the beginning to the end of your speech.

A plan is not a text of a report that you will read from a piece of paper in a boring voice. A plan is the main "markers", the points that will help you not to get confused and say everything that needs to be said. Take a small piece of paper and jot down the main points. You will look at this sheet of paper and remember what to say and in what order.

Start with a greeting . Greet the audience. Introduce yourself, name your supervisor (this is good manners, and he will be pleased). State the topic of the report. If it is not too long (no more than ten words), you can read it out loud. If the topic is too long and tricky, then name it somehow shorter and more understandable. Your task is not to show how smart you are and how difficult your topic is. On the contrary, you need to make sure that everyone understands everything. And, for the buy indonesia telemarketing data future, reread our article on how to come up with good titles for scientific texts . Allocate no more than 30 seconds in the plan for the greeting .

Then comes the introduction . Here, talk about the relevance of your work. Tell why you took on this topic. What is interesting about it? What is useful about it? And in general, why should people listen to your report? Get the listeners interested, show them what it's all about.

Here you can also mention those who have studied this problem before. Name several major scientists. Give a brief (very, very brief!) excursion into history - when this topic began to be studied, how it happened. Maybe you will find some interesting fact. The introduction can take about two minutes .

Then move on to the theoretical part . Of course, we understand that you are eager to talk about the results, but this is science, so first the theory. Remind yourself of the main definitions (briefly). List the important concepts that you use in the report. If you are engaged in technical sciences, give several important formulas and calculations. If you are a humanities scholar, provide a classification, explain the terms. Let the audience understand that you have a command of theory - they will listen to you with more respect. Just don’t get carried away, otherwise you will tire everyone. The theoretical part is no more than one and a half minutes .

Finally, the most important (or at least the most interesting) part of the report is the practical part . Or a description of the results. Tell clearly and distinctly what you have managed to achieve. It is best to do this point by point: first, second, third. If it seems that there is only one result, think about it. Most likely, it can be divided into several “nested” results - this will be better and more illustrative. What achievement in work ar